I Am Malala, By Christina Lamb - 1069 Words

How do ‘I am Malala’ and ‘ Made in Dagenham’ explore the importance of speaking out against injustice ‘I am Malala’ narrated by Malala Yousafzai and written by Christina Lamb is a memoir of a Pakistani young girl (Malala Yousafzai) who fought for girls education in Swat valley. ‘Made in Dagenham’ directed by Nigel Cole is a film about a mother (Rita O’Grady) who works for Ford in the town of Dagenham in England along with other female machinist who fought for gender equal pay. Both protagonist from both text speak out against injustice and through this it has allow the protagonist to gain courage to influence other girls and women and to also make a change in society however, speaking up against injustice negatively impacted both lives†¦show more content†¦Their cultural and ideal society believe that boys are more value and important then girls.On the day of Malala’s birth, people in her village of Mingora pity her mother Toor Pekai and didn’t congratulate her father Ziuaddin Yousafzai. Having a daughter in general was fro wn upon and consider as a burden due to the effort and responsibility of teaching the female to do household chores as while as marrying her off, their birth is often refer to a glomming day.â€Å"I was a girl in a land where rifles are fired in celebration of a son, while daughters are hidden away behind a curtain.† Ziauddin believed in Malala and importance of education and despite its gender he celebrated his first born child, which resulted to Malala’s passion for education that lead to the determination to fight for all girls education. Just as Malala’s cultural believe in boys are more important then girls, so does Rita’s time of era. Rita at first is initially a quiet women and lacks confidence, she gets underpaid and her skills are not recognised by the Ford in Dagenham. Women in general are paid less then men due to the idea that men are the breadwinner where as the women should be at home. When Rita and her fellow machinist shop steward Connie attend the Ford meeting with the union, Rita gains confidences and interferes the meeting stating it is â€Å"Bollocks† where bollocks means testicles and she challenges the head office of Ford to try their work when she pulls out the threads ofShow MoreRelatedI Am Mallala By Malala Yousafzai879 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"I am Malala†, written by Malala Yousafzai, Christina Lamb, and Patricia McCormick. â€Å"I raise up my voice, not so I can shout but so that those without a voice can be heard...we cannot succeed when half of us are held ba ck.† - Malala Yousafzai. The main ideas I’ll will be discussing in my essay is Fazlullahs announcement about schools closing, when Malala leaves and returns to Swat and her shooting and recovery. Fazlullah’s announcement that all schools will close and how Malala took the announcementRead MoreEssay On I Am Malala1234 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"We realise the importance of our voices only when we are silenced† - Malala Yousafzai. Malala’s voice was heard and she stood up for education. She struggled but succeeded in making a change. In order to take her successful stand many important events happened through Malala’s many. Many of which now result in her being a female activist and a world wide figure for education. A few of these main events in her life was her birth, her going to school and her begin shot by the Taliban. This essayRead MoreI am Malala by Malala Yousafzai Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe autobiography I am Malala by Mala la Yousafzai begins with the scene of young pakistani education and women’s rights activist Malala being shot in the head. Her school bus had been stopped by the Taliban who, after asking which of the girls was Malala, put a bullet into her head. Malala ends the powerful prologue with the words â€Å"Who is Malala? I am Malala and this is my story† (9). Malala then rewinds to the story of her birth and how in Pakistan, no one congratulated her parents when she wasRead MoreThe Modern Heroine: I Am Malala1517 Words   |  7 Pages(Frankel 11). Contrary to the hero’s journey, the heroine’s journey focuses on the â€Å"culture on the idealization of the masculine† while the hero’s journey focuses on the adventures. In the inspiring autobiography, I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban, Malala Yousafzai represents a heroine because she goes through the stages of the heroine’s journey as she refuses to be silenced and risks death to confront the Taliban on behalf of the young Pakistani girls that areRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet2365 Words   |  10 PagesShakespeare, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† a novel by Jane Austen, and â€Å"I am Malala† a memoir by Malala Yousafzai and Christina Lamb. These books help illustrate emotions are stronger than reason because in all books the main characters have to overcome a problem or obstacle where their emotions defeat reason. In â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, Romeo and Juliet aren’t allowed to be together, because their families don t get along well. In â€Å"I am Malala†, Malala is not allowed to go to school because she lives in the SwatRead MoreMalala Yousafzai : The Leader Of Education1821 Words   |  8 PagesRonald W. Reagan Doral Senior High School Malala Yousafzai The Leader of Education Paula Gustin Language Arts 10 Ms. Marilyn Gonzalez 5/20/2016 Malala Yousafzai: The Leader of Education Abstract Malala Yousafzai is a courageous young woman fighting for the life and education of tomorrow. This paper outlines a number of events and facts which demonstrate her indomitability and unselfishness, while following the path towards her ambitions. During her early life and childhood years, sheRead MoreKoranic Laws Give Any Of Emancipation For Women3033 Words   |  13 Pagesthe social formation, tribal and capitalist of life the woman. Pakistan s women are victims of their religion, oppressed by men claiming to be authorized by Islam to put them back on the religious votes. In this country, women suffer. (Malala Yousafzai, I Am Malala, said â€Å"women are meant†¦ must wear the veil†, pg.115). Women in Pakistan must be veiling. Women, who do not wear veil, are considered as prostitute. There are many cases of violence against women in Pakistan; Murder, rape, domestic abuse

The Human Perception of Pain in Conjunction with the...

The Human Perception of Pain in Conjunction with the Mind-Body Problem There is more research surfacing supporting the notion that people can control their pain. What is left under-examined is the notion of whether the pain is mediated by the brain, mind, or both. We all know that pain is an instinctive sense if you will, necessary to the survival of all living beings. Without pain, it would go unrecognized and exacerbate to the point of death. Pain is a protective mechanism essential to survival. There are three important claims here: One is that pain is actually a perception. The second, is the brain mediates the suppression of pain through a gate in the spinal cord. Lastly, since pain is a perception, the mind may decide the†¦show more content†¦In a sense, this means that the brain creates the mental state or the percept of pain. It is also important to discuss the brain structures associated with the pain activation because these structures are essentially the means to the end state of what we call pain. The pain process starts out with a stimulus which activates somatosensory axons from the skin, muscles, or internal organs to enter the nervous system via spinal nerves. Axons that convey sharp localized information, like fine touch, ascend through the dorsal columns of the spinal cord, referred to as the fast pathway, to the nuclei in the lower medulla (3). From the medulla, the axons cross the brain and ascend through the medial lemniscus to the ventral posterior nuclei of the thalamus, the somatosensation receiver (bodily sensation). Axons from the thalamus project to the primary somatosensory cortex which are then relayed to the secondary somatosensory cortex. Conversely, axons that convey less localized information, like pain or temperature, ascend through the spinothalamic tract, the slow pathway, and terminate in the ventral posterior nuclei of the thalamus (3),(9). The end site for both of these pathways is in the somatosensory cortex. These pathways also activate the anterior cingulate cortex, a region of limbic cortex on the medial side of cerebral hemispheres, which processes and understands pain. Studies showShow MoreRelatedFunctionalism And Its Impact On Society1119 Words   |  5 Pages In this paper I will explain and argue for Functionalism. Functionalism allows for a scientific approach to the mind-body problem, while maintaining the integrity of mental and physical states and attributing them to the functional roles they play within the bodily system. The main argument for Functionalism is founded on the basis that it fulfills all of the requirements for an effective form of Physicalism. 1. In order for a physicalist argument to be effective: it must account for mentalRead MoreAaron Beck, An American Psychiatrist1188 Words   |  5 PagesAaron Beck is an American psychiatrist and a professor emeritus in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania (GoodTheraoy.org). Beck has had an interest in the changes of human nature goes as far back as he can remember. Beck is known as a trailblazer in the psychology world because he focused on disoriented thoughts that lead to problematic behaviors such as depression. â€Å"Beck struggled to find a way to help his depressed clients better capture their emotions. He realized thatRead MoreEssay Application of Concept Analysis to Clinical Practice1668 Words   |  7 PagesApplication of Concept Analysis to Clinical Practice The concept is a general idea that is derived from human perception of events in the environment. This is based on the belief that occurrences in a given context are necessary to a wholesome interpretation of a phenomenon ( McEwen, Willis, 2011, pg,.25).Applications of concept analysis to clinical practice has become accepted among practitioners as paradigms of practice. Paradigms are an intellectual or theoretical view of a discipline basedRead MoreEssay on Critique of Humes Analysis of Causality3316 Words   |  14 PagesCritique of Humes Analysis of Causality Humes analyses of human apprehension and of causality were the most penetrating up to his time and continue to have great influence. Contemporary Spanish philosopher Xavier Zubiri (1893-1983) has examined both and identified three underlying errors: (1) the failure to recognize that there are three stages of human intellection, and especially that the first, primordial apprehension, has quite unique characteristics; (2) the attempt to place an excessiveRead More Hinduism Essay4899 Words   |  20 Pagescalled Lokayata. The materialists did not believe in an afterlife and found sense perception to be the only source of knowledge, denying the validity of inference or general concepts. They focused on the senses and the four traditional elements of earth, water, fire, and air. Consciousness for the Carvaka is only a modification of these elements in the body. The soul is also identified with the body, and pleasure and pain are the central experiences of life, nature being indifferent to good and evilRead MoreHow Neurons Communicate With Each Other Through Electrical And Chemical Processes1845 Words   |  8 Pagesp. 3), in chapter 2 there are seven that are being discussed. The acetylcholine neurotransmitter is associated with learning, memory, and muscle contractions. Acetylcholine leads to muscle contractions allowing the movement of various parts of the body anxiety (Griggs, 2014, p. 48-49); it is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (Sherman, 2007). The dopamine neurotransmitter is associated with physical movement, thought processes, and it affects moods states. An associated disorder; Parkinson’s diseaseRead MoreThe Art of Distraction3448 Words   |  14 PagesPain is necessary and important. In fact, it is an inborn drive, vital to our very existence (Hebb). Pain prompts us to change something, for instance, to move our hand off of a hot stove. It, therefore, prevents us from causing damage or even death to ourselves. It motivates us to protect an injured area, and the abatement of that pain lets us know when it is safe to use that area of our body again (Doctors Surgery Center). While pain is a crucial sensation, required for our survival, it’s no secretRead More David Hume’s Two Definitions of Cause Essay3281 Words   |  14 PagesDavid Hume’s Two Definitions of Cause David Hume’s two definitions of cause found in both A Treatise of Human Nature, and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding have been the center of much controversy in regards to his actual view of causation. Much of the debate centers on the lack of consistency between the two definitions and also with the definitions as a part of the greater text. As for the latter objection, much of the inconsistency can be remedied by sticking to the account presentedRead MoreThe Work Of The Working Brain1898 Words   |  8 Pageshas a large network that’s controlled by the senses to the muscular throughout the body it goes through. When the brain is harmed, it can damage the memory personality and sensation. The damage can lead to illness genetics or traumatic injuries. For instance brain tumors are very dangerous, it can spread cancer tumor in your brain. Your brain is your body control center, without your brain you wouldn’t have a body, all the brains develop the same way. The most common brain disorders are childhoodRead MoreFrom actions to empathy and morality9042 Words   |  37 PagesTennenbaum Center for the Biology of Creativity, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 15 July 2009 Received in revised form 25 February 2010 Accepted 27 February 2010 Available

Legal Abortion Free Essays

string(104) " the sex cells attain the full complement of heredity units that defines a human being \(Shettles 17\)\." The topic of abortion is one of the most controversial of our times. It has caused countless deaths and several violent confrontations between the two separate parties of opinion. The fight between pro-life and pro-choice supporters has been long and brutal. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Abortion or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is because, despite what several people may believe, abortion is neither right nor wrong. It is a matter of personal opinion. In this way, each side can say with certainty that the other is wrong. However, the question still remains; should abortion be legal? Though some may disagree on this point, the fact is that legalized abortion is the only option that will protect the lives of American citizens. Therefore, present abortion laws according to Roe v. Wade should be upheld and maintained in the United States (Brown 2). Roe v. Wade was a landmark decision that legalized abortions in the United States. It was about a poor, pregnant woman who filed a lawsuit against the state law of Texas, which stated that abortions were illegal. The case went all the way to the U. S. Supreme Court, which meant that the decision made affected the nation as a whole. On January 22, 1973, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Jane Roe and stated that â€Å"the 14th amendment guarantees an adult woman the right to seek a termination of her pregnancy until viability† (Guernsey 63). From this day on, abortions in the United States were legal. The definitions of the opinions taken on abortion are somewhat unclear to many people. Hopefully, the definitions stated below will be of some help in choosing an opinion. Pro-life supporters believe that a fetus’s right to live comes first, before the rights of a pregnant woman. Pro-choice supporters believe that it is a woman’s fundamental human right to decide when and whether or not to have the child (Lowenstein19). Nevertheless, while the pro-choice side fights the right to have an abortion, they make a distinction between â€Å"pro-choice† and â€Å"pro-abortion,† These groups want women to be able to choose an abortion if it is right for them. However, they do not necessarily believe abortion is the solution for everyone (Lowenstein 52). There are many reasons why abortion should be legal. The single most important effect of legalization has been the substitution of safe, legal procedures for abortions that formerly were obtained illegally† ( Jaffe, Lindheim, and Lee 147). One only needs to look into American history to see the results of prohibiting abortions to women. The violence which occurs today because of the pro-choice/pro-life conflicts is minimal in comparison to the thousands of hopeless women who turned to illegal abortions. Women, seeing no other solution to their problems, turned to â€Å"back room† clinics. These clinics were located in poverty-ridden sections of the city and their conditions were deplorable. The places themselves were layered in filth and disease. Inexperienced butchers using dirty and crude equipment treated the women. As if these backroom clinics were not bad enough, there was an even more appalling decision a woman might face. If she were unable to pay the exorbitant price for the illegal surgery, she would often perform the act herself. â€Å"Knitting needles, coat hangers, antiseptic douches, and poisons were used most often† (Welton123). It is better now that women have a place to go where abortions can be performed cleanly with minimal risk. Legalization of abortion is the only choice no matter what side on takes in the debate. Women will try to do what they think is necessary to live as they wish, no matter what the risk. Each year 84,000 women die worldwide from failed abortion attempts (Lunneborg67) . Because of anti-abortion legislation, women avoid going to the hospital, often until it is too late, to avoid prosecution from police. In the cases of rape and incest, the very idea of being forced to have the child of the woman’s abuser is repulsive. There are also cases when a woman’s health is put in jeopardy by having a child at all. Forcing a woman to bring the child to term would be no less than attempted murder (Steffen 49). If a woman is forced to give birth to a child she does not want, if left in that woman’s custody, the child could potentially face hatred and resentment from the mother for the rest of its life. In countries all over the world, children are found dead and abandoned in places as degrading as garbage dumps. The only effective method of preventing unwanted births is abstinence, and this is just not a realistic objective. There is no 100% effective form of birth control, and even men and women using birth control have unwanted pregnancies. Some women for financial, occupational, social, and maturity reasons, see pregnancy as cessation of their lives. There are no accurate statistics on how many women attempt or succeed in committing suicide each year rather than live with their pregnancies. Women will continue to gave abortions with or without government legislation, but with legislation, the conditions under which they have their abortions can be sanctioned and observed. If abortion is the right choice for a woman, she shouldn’t have to worry about its safety. The procedure is perfectly safe. The earlier an abortion is done, the safer it is. Most abortions, about 95%, are done during the first trimester (Lowenstein 52). Less than one percent are done after the twentieth week, and usually only for medical reasons (Safety 1). According to the National Abortion Federation, having an abortion in the first three months of pregnancy is safer than giving birth to a child. Women hardly ever die from legal abortions-only one in two hundred thousand (Lowenstein 52). Women are seven times likely to die from childbirth than from a legal abortion (Maguire 1). Many pro-life supporters believe that abortion should be banned because life begins at conception and taking a life is unlawful. The individual sex cell consists of 23 chromosomes. It is only through combination, through merger, that the sex cells attain the full complement of heredity units that defines a human being (Shettles 17). You read "Legal Abortion" in category "Essay examples" The merger of the two sex cells is complete within twelve hours, at which time the egg is fertilized and becomes known technically as the â€Å"‘zygote. † The inherited characteristics of a unique human being has been established, and in no circumstances will it change (Shettles 17). At eighteen days, the heart is pumping through a closed circulatory system, with blood whose type is different from that of the mother’s. The brain starts working at forty days. and all of the fetus’s body systems are in place by the time it is two months old (Every child 1). Pro-lifers believe this evidence shows a fetus is alive. For these reasons, they feel the fetus has a soul and is a person worthy of respect. They conclude that aborting a fetus is the same as murdering a person (Abortion 3). Most pro-choice supporters agree that taking a human life is unlawful, however, they argue that unborn fetuses do not constitute fully developed human life. The possession of forty-six chromosomes does not make a cell a person. Most of the cells in a person’s body contain these 46 chromosomes, but that does not make a white corpuscle a person. As for the significance of uniqueness, identical quintuplets are genetically identical, yet they have personal identities apart from their genetic endowment. Even though a fetus might have a heartbeat and brain waves, this does not make a fetus a person. To be a person, there must be evidence of a personality. Dogs, frogs, and earthworms have all characteristics listed, but that is insufficient to make them persons Zindler 25). Another major pro-life concern is the medical hazards of an abortion. Pro-lifers believe that abortions have many negative physical and psychological effects. They say that even though abortion has been legalized, it remains a complicated procedure that can potentially harm a woman’s ability to bear normal, healthy babies in the future (Hilgers 152). The most common early complications of legally induced abortion are infection, he morrhage, perforation of the uterus, and laceration of the cervix (Hilgers 153). There is also a pelvic inflammatory disease which can follow abortion, and happens up to 30 percent of the time (Lowenstein 44). Although the complications are physical, many pro-lifers say that the psychological effects are far more dangerous. They believe abortion has a particularly harmful effects on teenagers (Everyone’s Biography 1). The Medical College of Ohio studied how teenagers were able to cope with abortions as compared to adult women. They studied thirty-five women who had abortions as teenagers and thirty-six women who had abortions after age twenty. They found there were two factors present in teenage abortions. First, people other than the teenager had control of the abortion decision. Second, teenagers are less knowledgeable about the procedure and may have false ideas about it. Also, teenagers were less likely to consult a professional before making their decision. The study showed teenagers experienced greater stress during the abortion (Lowenstein 45). Pro-choicers strongly disagree on this matter. It is a proven fact that legal abortions are now medically safe and simple. Teenagers, for example, are 24 times more likely to die from childbirth than from a first-trimester abortion (Carlson 25). Death resulting from legal abortion is a very rare occurrence and easy to measure. In the first trimester, less that half of one percent of all abortion patients experience major complications (Jaffe, Lindheim, and Lee 150). Of course abortion involves some risk, but so do all medical procedures. According to the American Psychiatric Association report published in Science magazine in 1990, there are no significant psychological aftereffects of legal abortion. Legal abortion requested by the woman does not cause emotional problems or depression. Some women may feel sad or guilty at first, but not any more or less than any other personal crisis (Lowenstein 53). In particular, teenagers who had abortions seem to behave more normally than others who gave birth to a baby. Teenagers who have abortions are more likely to graduate high school, go to college, and get good jobs (Lowenstein 54). The third most controversial topic on abortions involves so-called hard cases such as rape and incest. The first point pro-lifers make is that the law allowing raped women to get abortions would only affect a few women, less than 1 percent of all abortions each year (Guernsey 68). Pro-life supporters believe the damage has already happened-that of the rape. An abortion will simply cause more psychological and physical harm. Even though half of the fetus if part of the rapist, half of the fetus is part of the woman, too. They believe it is unfair to kill a being who was not responsible for the rape (Lowenstein 47). Their feeling is the same for incest. In cases where abortion is chosen, pro-life activists believe an innocent baby is killed for a crime its father commits. The father, instead, should suffer. Pro-lifers believe if abortion is chosen, it helps to hide the fact that incest took place and it might continue(Lowenstein 48). Should abortion be allowed in cases of rape and incest? Absolutely yes, say pro-choicers. There may be serious psychological effects from having a child that was a result of a horrible experience like incest or rape. Pro-choice supporters believe if the woman decides to raise the child, they say, she will have a constant reminder of the incident (Lowenstein 55). Surveys have shown many people would accept abortion in cases of rape or incest (Women 2). Medical research has not determined whether there are genetic tendencies toward sexual crimes. The child may carry some of those genes (Lowenstein55). In summary, abortion is a personal choice. No should be able to tell a women whether or not to have a child. Therefore, keeping abortion legal will ensure that situations that involve crisis or health risks to the mother or the fetus can be handled safely and legally. How to cite Legal Abortion, Essay examples

Compare Contrast Perfect Compettiton free essay sample

A market is any place where the sellers of a particular good or service can meet with the buyers of that goods and service where there is a potential for a transaction to take place. The buyers must have something they can offer in exchange for there to be a potential transaction. Market structure: Market structure refers to the factors, such as size of the market, technological, cost and demand conditions and the barriers to entry and exit, that would affect the effectiveness of managerial decisions. We can also consider the market structure as describing the state of the market with respect to competition. Market structures Monopoly Perfect competition Imperfect competition Monopolistic competition c Oligopoly Overview: Perfect competition is a theoretical market structure. It is primarily used as a benchmark against which other market structures are  compared. The industry  that best reflects perfect competition in real life is the agricultural industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Contrast Perfect Compettiton or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example , As there are millions of farmers who would produce rice amp; there are millions of consumers who would consume rice. In this case not a single buyer or seller could influence the price of rice. Perfect competition is a competitive market. Economist uses the term† competitive market â€Å"to describe a market in which there are so many buyers amp; so many sellers that each has a negligible impact on the market price. Characteristics of perfectly competitive market- 1. Large number of buyers amp; sellers: In perfect competition, there must be large number of buyers and sellers. Each buyer buys a small quantity of the total amount. Each seller is so large that no single buyer or seller can influence the price and affect the market. According to Scitovsky buyers and sellers are price takers in the purely competitive market. Each seller (or firm) sells its products at the price determined by the market. Similarly, each buyer buys the commodity at the price determined by the market. 2. Homogeneous product: Under perfect competition, the product offered for sale by all sellers must be identical in every respect. The goods offered for sale are perfect substitutes of one another. Buyers have no special preference for the product of a particular seller. No seller can raise the price above the prevailing price or lower the price below the prevailing price. 3. Free entry and exit: Under perfect competition, there will be no restriction on the entry and exit of both buyers and sellers. If the existing sellers start making abnormal profits, new sellers should be able to enter the market freely. This will bring down the abnormal profits to the normal level. Similarly, when losses will occur existing sellers may leave the market. However, such free entry or free exit is possible only in the long run, but not in the short-run. 4. Perfect knowledge: Perfect competition implies perfect knowledge on the part of buyers and sellers regarding the market conditions. As results, no buyer will be prepared to pay a price higher than the prevailing price. Sellers will not charge a price higher or lower than the prevailing price. In this market, advertisement has no scope. 5. Perfect mobility of factors of production: The second perfection mobility of factors of production from one use to another use. This feature ensures that all sellers or firms get equal advantages so far as services of factors of production are concerned. This is essential to enable the firms and industry to achieve equilibrium 6. Absence of transport cost: Under perfect competition transport, cost does not exist. Since commodities have, the same price it logically follows that there will be no transport cost. In the event of the presence of cost of transport, there will be no single price in the market. Transport cost occurs when there is no perfect knowledge of the market conditions on the part of buyers and sellers. . No attachment: There is no attachment between the buyers and sellers under perfect competition. Since products of all sellers are identical and their prices are the same a buyer is free to buy the commodity from any seller he likes. He has no special inclination for the product of any seller as in case of monopolistic competition or oligopoly. Theoretically, perfect competition is irrelevant. In reality, it does not exist. So it is a myth Profit maximization for a competitive firm: The goal of any competitive firm is to make profit. Three general rules for profit maximization under perfect competition are stated as follows: -If the marginal revenue is greater then marginal cost the firm should increase the output -If marginal cost is greater then greater then marginal cost the firm should decrease output -At profit maximizing level of output, marginal revenue amp; marginal cost are exactly same Example: Profit maximization for a perfectly competitive market.